Kautz



Jul -19,1949. FQKAUTZ v Re. 23,136

STRUCTURAL MEMBER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Aug. 21, 1944 IN VEN TOR.

July 19, 1949. u-rz STRUCTURAL MEMBER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Aug. 21,1944

INVENTOR.

F. KAUTZ Re. 23,136

STRUCTURAL MEMBER 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 19, 1949.

Original Filed Aug. 21;; '1944 I N VEN TOR. 9 4

Reissuecl July 19, 1949 Serial No. 550,427, August tion for reissue September 194 -A1 l 1 a' 25', 1947, Serial No.

soolaims. (oi Isa-'34) The invention relates to Welded structuresin corporating as a substantial portion, asheetweb or plate reinforced by an arrangementof stiffeners Welded thereto, such as may be used. in vessels, containers, partition walls, flooring, shelving, etc., and other structures for various purposes. More particularly, it deals with an intermediate stiffening arrangement for webbed portions in the referred to structures and being employed in supplemental combination with re-' spective reinforcing system.

In welded constructions, the practice or having a flange of a stiffening member disposed in parallel contact with a sheet, such as being used in riveting, has been mostly abandoned arid,-instead, it has been preferred to wield a narrow edge portion of such member directly to a sheet. Accordingly, the outwardly directed flanges in members, otherwise laid in parallel contact with a sheet, have led to a considerable increase in strength and the resulting advantages have'heen extensively utilized as a material and weight saving factor.

For instance, a narrow edge portion of'single ilat bars may be readily welded to a sheet leaving the transverse section of the bars extended therefrom. Also angle bars may be similarly treated with one flange in right angular-disposition to the sheet and a component flange in spaced relation thereto, or; in anotherva'riation} the narrow edge portion of both flanges may contact a sheet leaving a transverse" section of flanges in diagonal relation thereto and convergent to each other;

In the first mentioned version, strength and rigidity has been obtained atconsiderable saving of weight and material,- and in the use of angle bars asindic'ated the strength in the first form is superior to' the second form which is, however, useful on thinn'ershe'et's due to its broad support and resilient qualities under moderate loads.

In cases where onl a stiffener contacts a a narrow edge'portion of sheet, rigidity in awider sheet area is often inadequately attained (mow the narrow face of contact of the' stifiening member, necessitating closer spacing of th'e'members and use of greater numbers in effecting a correction. In thinner gauged sheet'Webs;-the surface often acquires a scalloped appearance for the same reason which is further aided by the contracting effect of the welding heatonthe material. Further, the resistance of the flat bar to torsional stresses is insufiici'ent. I it isnow one of the main objects or them- 2. vention to provide a reinforcing" arrangement for an extended body ineihbei' in which the advantages derived from welding a narrow edge portion of stifieiier's to a Wb are fully utilized and stated disadvantages 'l nifii'ri'lized or eliminated. It is, therefore, a further object of the invention to provide sti-fieners' which lend a broader support to a body member by means requirin only an inconsiderabl'e amount of additional in'aterial and permitting simultaneously an' essential increase of strength in the stiffeners and entire structures.

Another more specific object of the invention aims to increase" the efficiency of flat liars and angle bars in" the" use' as members" of said stiffeners' by respective disposition such as to support a wider body member area and reinforce the eX- trem'e edge portions as" a means" for obtaining greater strength. A" further object shall provide a stiffener of a fiexibleh'atu'r'e permitt-inga; shifting of portions already incorporated therein to locationswhere stresses are more apa'rent, thereby contributing' to higher strength without the use of additional material; 7

Still another objectof the invention shallprovide an intermediate stiffeneror an arrangement of such stiffeners" supplementing" the reinforcing system and embodying the features as previously outlined; and another object may rovide" sectional reinforcement of said stiffener-5 for the same purpose.-

It is also aimed that the disposition of sections or portions in such stifienz'er's can be" easily adjusted to comply with changing requirements .so as to obtain maximum strength; if desired,

or, support of widest body member area if such is preferred;

Additional objects; advantages and featuresof invention will be apparent from the following description considered in conjunction with'the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1' is a" perspective view representing a structure which'may be-a' fraction of the'underside of flooring; shelving, etc embodying one form ofthe novel intermediate'stiffe'ner.

Figures 2 to 5 show similar perspectives of various modified. forms of the stiffener shown in Figure 1:

Figure 6 is' a fragmentary perspective view' of a shiphull construction incorporating a reinforcing arrange'ment'including another form of the invention.

Figure '7 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating a detailed view of a further development of the'strueture of Figure 6.

time

Figure 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of a. similar structure as in Figure 1, of a modified form.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary perspective view showing a partition wall construction, being reinforced by several spaced intermediate stiffeners of a type such as seen in Figure 1, in modified form.

Figure 10 is a cross section on the line II-II of Figure 6 but showing a modification thereof.

Figure 11 is a cross section on the line I I-Il of Figure 6 illustrating another modification thereof. i a

Figure 12 is a top plan view, of a fraction of flooring embodying the novel stifieners similar to the one in Figure 1, set apart in spaced relation.

Figure 13 represents a shelf construction in a perspective view and embodying the intermediate stiffeners of Figure 1 in modified form, supplemented by an intersecting stiffener.

Figure 14 is a fragmentary perspective view of a heavily reinforced partition wall such as used in ships, etc., reinforced by an arrangement utilizing the features of the invention in another adaptation.

Figure 15 shows a detailed fraction of Figure 14 combined with additional features.

Figure 16 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the arrangements of Figures 6 and 14 in a combination.

According to the invention, structures or structural members embodying sheets or plates supported by a reinforcing arrangement include a stiffener member or a plurality of such members.

in spaced relation of the following characteristics. In said members, as exemplified by one of the preferred executions thereof, elongated fiat bar sections are successively extended from each other from the locations of attachment to 45 the body member which are set apart from a common longitudinal plane in alternate opposite directions, and the end portions of the sections are preferably joined in lapped relation'or secured to an intersecting member, being aportion 50 of said reinforcing arrangement. The terminal portions of such stifiening members may be secured to adjacent portions of the supplementing reinforcing arrangement or may be supported In another version of the invention, theintersecting member may also be composed of successively extended sections, reciprocally inclined towards each other as previously mentioned.

It is obvious that the length of the sections'in such stiifeners and the length and locations of the iap ed portions may be varied at will permitting such a reinforcement where'a structure may be more subjected to stresses and other modifi- 65 cations and variations for many purposes.

For a more detailed description of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, in which in Figure 1, there is shown a structure I of a section of flooring comprising as a portion a body member I I supported by marginal flanges l2 with transverse section at right angles to the body member.

The novel feature is embodied in 'aninter- 4 mediate stiffening member I3 extended between the marginal flanges and contacting and reinforcing the body member I I. As shown, the stiffener is composed, in present instance, of four elongated separate sections of flat bar stock I4 of equal length successively extended from each other. The narrow edge portions of the sections contacting the body member are set apart from a common longitudinal plane in alternate opposite directions, and transverse portions of the bars are reciprocally inclined therefrom towards each other so as to place extreme edge portions I5 of the sections in a substantially common longitudinal plane. As a means for securing the sections to each other, the end portions are placed in lapped relation as at I 6 bringing such extreme edge portions of the sections in direct abutment at a length equal to the lap where welding .I'I is deposited to unite the sections. The edge portions and at respective halves thereof and the terminal portions of the stiffener are disposed in opposite inclination relative to each other.

It is obvious that many advantages are derived from the described stiffening arrangement. In

alternately spreading the portions contacting the j each other in a longitudinal direction and nar- 40 body member, a wider area thereof is sustained which reduces, the tendency of the sheet metal to acquire a scalloped appearance and improves the resistance to concentrated stress. It has been observed that the lapped portions which are ,of angular cross section add considerably to the strength of the stiffener which is especially able to absorb loads at locations of said lapped portions. It is therefore, an advantage to distribute 'thelapped portions at points where a body member shows a natural weakness which, in the example of Figure 1 is the mid-section and respective portions thereof as being reinforced by said lapped portions. It is further advisable for the same reason, to choose the number of sections in stifieners in the order of 2, 4, 6, etc, (an even number) as in such cases, a lapped portion will by a brace attached between the outer edge portions of the stiffeners and adjacent body member.

respective intermediate always be located at midsection of a span and portions at equal distances at both sides thereof, as seen in Figure 1, one lap portion at the middle and one at each side thereof. This arrangement will also insure the disposition of terminal portions at the opposite inclination which is useful in providing better resistance in stiifeners to torsional stresses.

The stiffeners'also receive additional strength which may represent the" underside from the bracing effect which is exerted on the extreme edge portions by the lapped portions at intermediate points. The inclination of the sections or flanges have a beneficial effect if kept within reasonable limits as an eventual deflec tion of a section is not of an erratic nature, but definitely directed towards the side of the inclination where it is effectively checked by reciprocal co-operation of the adjacent section.

It is understood that the inclination of the sections maybe subject to wide variations and an inclination of 60 to 80 degrees towards the body member may be considered as most favorable for best strength efiect. At a further progressive inclination, wider areas of the body member will may be decided in View of 'flanges 21 are disposed at be braced but actual stren h of stifi uers isslost, and the degree of said disposition of the sections the effect one desires to obtain, whether maximum strength of the stifieners or rigidity of the body member is the primary goal.

It is of interest to note that all advantages, such as superior strength, wider support of body member, better torsional resistance, etc., are obtained by very economical means involving only an insignificant amount of additional material represented by merely hair of material embodied in said lapped portions.

In Figure 2 a method is shown of supporting the terminal portion of a stiffener of same conatruction as in Figure 1, by an auxiliary brace or support member 20, placed and secured by welding between the extreme edge portion of the terminal section and a portion of adjacent body member. The brace is reciprocally inclined towards the section and may be employed in cases where a suitable support member such as in Figure 1 is lacking. The support of the terminal portions is essential to strength of the stifieners.

In Figures 3-to 5, representing modifications of the structure of Figure 1, methods are shown for reinforcing the stilieners by strengthening the intermediate and extreme edge portions of the sections. In Figure 3, a brace or support member 20' is employed, spanning the intermediate portions of the sections and adjacent web portions at opposite inclination to the respective sections. The brace is also seemed bywelding to respective portions and the location is preferably at the middle of longitudinal extensions of the sections as a deflection of the flat bar sections will first materialize there. Additional braces may be added to the sections at spaced intervals if found desirable, which is understood.

In Figure 4, the extreme edge portions of the sections [4 are shown to be of greater length than the portions contiguous to the body member at the lapped portions defined by transverse cuts 2| at a diagonal line. In this way, the contact of the sections at the lapped portions can be lengthened at a saving of weight and respective reciprocal extensions of the sections at extreme edge portions are shortened which may be re-' garded as a considerable contribution to strength of the stiffeners. The transverse cut at 21 also reduces the possibility of notch effects at ends of said lapped portions.

In Figure 5, the sections are composed of stock bars l4 having a so-called bulb edge 22 which is of thicker cross section than the remaining portion of said bars. The bulb edges being disposed so as to form the extreme edge portions of the sections as seen in Figure to add more strength to the stifieners, as ruptures .or deflection will be more effectively checked by said means.

In Figure 6, the structure shown represents a portion of a ship hull construction embodying a plate member 2-3, reinforced by spaced upright angle members 24 and a brace 25 extended therebetween. The angle members 24 have a narrow edge portion 26 welded to the plate and respective right angles thereto. The brace may be regarded as a modified form .of stiffener shown in Figure, 1, in which the flat bars are rep aced. by separa se t o al m mbers of angl S ock 28. s milar ranged, so as to pl c a n rrow dge. portion, 29 o he angle. s ctions contact w th he la e andv re pect fla ge portions. i e ipr c l moh ation owards each thereto. portions .3 as a we g t aving f at a d a e other. The extreme edse portion of the brace located in a substantially common longitudinal line is defined by the vertex portions 3| of the angle sections and respective transverse portions of the flanges are dia nally extend d er om to the plate and outwardly- ;in spaced relation The latter flanges have beveled end also alternatively extended irom each other in opposite directions relative to said sections of the brace.

The angular sections consist of four in number, as in Figure 1 and are joined together by welding in the lapped portions where, end portions of said sections are mutually abutted at the angle vertex. The brace is attached to the plate by full length welding in the present instance. The number of sections-chosen also locates a lapped portion at half distance between upright members and others at equal proportions thereof and permits the terminal sections to be welded to said upright members at the and portionsthereoi at opposite inclination to each other to obtain the benefit of the advantages as previously described.

It is apparent that the qualities of the brace m mbers, f a ype h as 25.. are sup r or t h stiffener in Figure 1 due to the additional flange in the sections which acts as a preventive against rupture and deflection, The brace in Figure 6 is further strengthened by having the lapped portion at midsection 0f comparatively greater length than remaining similar portions and the two angle sections joined at the same location of greater thickness in transverse section as compared to terminal sections oi the brace. In this y an equivalent to a cha g lathe section modulus of the brace is provided, lend n r ter suppor to t e la at w aker area of the midsection between said upright angle members.

It is to be understood that in said arrangements, a differential length of lapped portions may be varied as found expedient and may also be used in other forms of the invention.

It is further unders ood that. the brace as in Figure 6 may be used in a multiplicity of units, at spaced relation or in other structures such as fl r ng, p rti ions, etc.

The structure of Figure 7 may be regarded as a supplement to Figure. 6, showin the method of extending the brace of Figure 6 beyond a transversely intersection member 33 such as the upright angle members in Figure 6 by abutting and welding respective terminal sections of braces as at a e iprocalv inclination which is necessary for best strength effect.

The stiffening arrangement presented in Figure 8 includes the stifiener of Figure 1 supplemented by a transversely located stiffener consisting of flat bar sections 35 extended from opposite ends of the'lapped portion and having a narrow edge portion'36 in welded contact with the body member and a transverse section 31 of the fiat bars set at right angle thereto. Said sections are mutually joined to respective inclined bar sections by welding and by a method in which the bevel'shaped end portions 38 of said sections are abutted to respective inclined bars. The portions closel adjacent to said beveled ends are contacted to respective ends or said lapped portion. In 'such an arrangement, said transverse sections are spaced apart from a common line corresponding to the length'of lapped portion which is useful in bracing a wider body portion area. although it; may not be recommended for maximum strength.

outlined before. terminal sections 4| compared to a terminal modified form in which bars, disposed in spaced relation to the body flanges may be located in longer sections and fewer In Figure Q-the structure shown may represent a section of a partition wall or may also be interpreted as a section of flooring, etc. It comprises principally a sheet web 39 having a marginal frame 40 as a support which is supplemented by spaced apart upright intermediate stifieners 4| Welded to the web and frame respectively. Said stiiieners are of same construction as shown in Figure 1 including four sections arranged so as to place lapped portions at the medial horizontal line of the web which is of advantage as One may further note that the in said stifieners are of greater length in comparison to the inwardly located sections resulting in a shifting of the lapped portions to locations closer to said medial line.

In this arrangement, the strengthening effect of the stifieners is increased as the naturally weaker central web area receives additional support from said shifted lapped portions while the web area closer to said marginal frame is not in 'need of equal support as being more influenced therefrom.

In Figure 10, the construction of the brace of Figure 6 is further emphasized in detail. The

increased thickness of one medial section 42 as section is clearly shown. Such construction results in increased strength efiect of a nature as previously described. The the flanges to the body lar brace bar or splice 43' is shown as welded within the apex formed by the abutting edges of the angle bars.

In Figure 11 the brace of Figure 6 is shown in the flanges 44 of angle member and extended from the common longitudinal plane, are of difl'erent width with respect to such flanges of other sections. The larger the terminal sections or intermediately as required by respective needs. In the execution-of Figure 6, the larger flanges may be preferably placed in sections joined at the middle.

The structure of Figure 12 may represent a portion of flooring comprising a sheet web 45 reinforced by spaced apart intermediate stiffeners 46 substantially of the construction shown in Figure 1, in which the lapped portions 41 in ad- .jacent stiifeners are placed at locations intermediate to each other. reinforced by marginal Figure 1, but its edges The sheet web 45 is not flanges such as shown in are directly supported by masonry walls 45' of a building structure upon which they are placed, and the terminals of stiff- .eners 46 are inserted into said masonry for proper support as seen at 46, instead of having the means of support l2' and 20 of Figures 1 and 2. This method of distributing the lapped portions provides a wider support for the web and is therefore, especially adapted to thinner gauged sheets subjected to moderate stress. For maximum strength, however, it is advisable to have respective lapped portions arranged in a common line. A further feature is demonstrated in Figure 12. As shown, the stiffener located in parallel proximity to amargin of the web may have lapped portions as compared to more inwardly located stiffeners as the web requires more support at the latter location.

.arms which are portions of the marginal frame preferred executions ment, said sections uprightsupport members. The body member. is further supported by an intermediate arrange-- ment in which a medial longitudinal stiffener 54 is of substantially similar construction to that shown in Figure 1. The stifiener includes lapped portions 55 and embodies a central point 56 where respective end portions of medial stifieners 54 and transversely directed bar sections 51 of a supplemental stifiener are mutually abutted and secured together by welding. The sections of the supplemental stiifener are likewise reciprocally inclined towards each other and the end portions of the sections thus joined are of bevel shape as at 58 to flt the inclinationof respective adjacent sections so that said central pointhas a pyramid-like appearance. The terminal sections 59 of the stifi'eners are welded to said marginal frame as in Figure 1 for the purpose already described.

In Figure 14 a strongly reinforced partition wall such as may be used in ships is presented having a sheet web 60 supported by a mesh of spaced and mutually intersected flat bar sections 8| which are disposed and weldedv in reciprocal inclination towards each other and adjoined in central portions of the same characteristics as said central point portion in Figure 13. The terminal bar sections 62 are secured to a web portion at right angles to said wall portion and which may represent a section of flooring.

In Figure 15 a pyramid-like central portion 64 is illustrated in detail and said structure embodies a modified form of Figure 14. One inclined bar section BI is replaced by two reciprocally inclined sections 65 of described nature, joined in a lapped relation intermediately between said central portions.

In the structure of Figure 16, the sections of the flat bars are replaced by angle bars 56 accordingly inclined, otherwise the structure is of identical structure as in Figures 14 and 15. o

It is to be understood that structures showing flat bar sections may embody bars of angular cross section or vice versa.

While I have shown and described some of of my invention, this is by way of illustration only, and I consider as my own all such modifications in construction as fairly fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A structure comprising a body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignbeing disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal portions of said sections contiguous over each other and united.

2. A structure comprising an extended body tially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and the terminal sections of said reinforceinent being sustained by support members.

3. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elon gated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order Substantially at opposite sides of a common lon itudinal lane, longitudinal portions of said sections contiguous to said body member being spacod from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal portions thereof lie substantially in said plane,

said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united,v and at least one of said sections having a support member being o posed substantially to the itlrir side of the supported section with said support member of a length shorter than said section.

4. The structure of claim 3' in which said support member is located substantially at a terminal of said reinforcement.

5. The structure of claim 3 in which said support member is located intermediately between the end portions of said supported section.

6. The structure of claim 3 in which said su port member is inclined toward said supported section.

'7. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in a1- ternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal portions of said sections contiguous to said body member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and said portion being of a length shorter than the longitudinal extensions of said sections extended from the portion. 7

8. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longi-' tudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal portions of said sections contiguous to said body member being spaced from saidplane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal portions thereof lie substantially in said lane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united,

and the terminals of said reinforcement lying substantially at respective opposite end portions of said body member.

9.- A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides" of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said member being spaced from plane in which said sections are extended over each' other and united, and the inclination of said sections being in planes lying at an acute angle to each other.

10. A structure comprising an extended body member" and: a reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having' sections of elongated shape extended from each other" in longitudinal. alignment, said sections being. disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other" longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said lane in which said- Sections are extended over each other and united, and said portion being located substantially at the midse'ctio'n' or said reinforcement.

I1. A structure comprising an extended body member and a; reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having' sections ofelongated shape extended fromeach other in longitudinal alignment, said Sec-- tions being disposed in alternate order substantially" at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said section's contiguous to said member being spaced from said lane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which respective sections are extended over each other and united, and said elongated sections comprising an even number.

12; A structure comprising an extended body member and areinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in tions being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially' in said plane, said reinforcement hav ing' portions disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and one of said portions being located substantially at the midsection of said reinforcement and of a length greater than the other respective portions.

13. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of acommon longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially' in said plane, said reinforcement having' a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and respective elongated section's forming terminal sections in said re longitudinal alignment, said secinforcement being disposed substantially at opposite sides of said common plane and in op positely inclined planes relative to each other.

14. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions. and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane,

longitudinal edge portions of said sections contlguous to said member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and the length of said sections in saidportion disposed over both sides of said plane being greater at the location of said plane than at said contacting portions.

15. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having at least four sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said'member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having portions disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and the terminal sections in said reinforcement being of a length greater than sections disposed intermediately therebetween. Y

16. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor secured to said member and assembled from separate sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said-sections being disposed in alternate order substantially atopposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections being spaced from said plane and secured to said body member, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said sections overlapping each other and being secured together in the overlapped parts, and the terminal sections of said reinforcement being sustained by support members.

17. The structure of claim 16 in which said separate sections are flat bar members respectively disposed and inclined so as to have respective longitudinal edge portions welded to said body member and the other longitudinal edge portions located substantially in said plane, and said flat bar members being secured together in the overlapped parts by Welding the overlapping and opposing longitudinal edge portions lying in said plane to each other.

18. A structure comprising a body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal portions of said sections contiguous to said body member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over eachother and united, and said sections being reinforced by extensions disposed longitudinally of the reinforcement and in spaced relation to the body member with transverse portions of the extensions directed from said common plane in directions substantially away from said plane.

19. The structure of claim 18 in which said sections are provided by separate angle members having respective longitudinal edge portions welded to said body member, said angle members being further disposed so as to have the longitudinal edge portions at their angle vertex located substantially in said plane with respective flanges directed therefrom to the body member and outwardly in spaced relation to the body member, said angle members overlapping each other to define said portion disposed over both sides of said plane and being secured together in the overlapped parts by welding the overlapping and opposing edge portions lying in said plane to each other, and said extensions being defined by said outwardly directed flanges.

20. A structure comprising a body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal align- ,ment, said sections bemg disposed in alternate member is defined by a web supported within a frame, and said reinforcement being intermediately located on said frame and having said support members forthe terminal sections provided by portions of said frame.

22. A structure comprising an extended body member and a reinforcement therefor united with said member and having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal portions 5 of said sections contiguous to said body member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said reinforcement having a portion disposed over both sides of said plane in which said sections are extended over each other and united, and said reinforcement being intersected by a supplemental reinforcement united with said body member and having elongated sections extended in opposite directions from said portion over both sides of said plane.

23. The structure of claim 22 in which said sections of the supplemental reinforcement are reciprocally inclined towards each other from their-locations of attachment to the body member, and end portions of said reciprocal sections being secured to inclined end portions of respective sections of said reinforcement at said portion disposed over both sides of said plane.

24. In a structural element, a web member to be supported, said support including a combination of mutually intersecting reinforcement mernbers secured to said Web at contacting portions, said reinforcements having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in respective longitudinal alignments, said sections being dis-- posed in alternate order substantially at oppcsite sides of a common longitudinal plane in each of said reinforcements, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said web being spaced from a respective plane and said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in a re pective plane, and said sections of each of reinforcements being secured together in a common pyramid-like shaped portion disposed over both sides of said plane in one reinforcement and said plane in another reinforcement at the intersection thereof and in which transverseiy slanted end portions of said sections contact the inclined portions of adjacent sections mutually directed at an angle to each other.

25. The structure of claim 24 in which at least one of said reinforcements is supplemented by elongated sections extended longitudinally of the reinforcement and from respective inclined elon gated sections therein, said inclined sections and said supplemental sections being reciprocall inclined toward each other and united in portions disposed over both sides of a respective plane in the reinforcement in which portions of said reciprocally inclined sections are extended over each other.

26. A structure comprising a Web body and a combination of reinforcements therefor secured to said web at contacting portions, said combination being characterized as having reinforcement members extended from opposite sides of a structural section disposed and extended at an angle thereto, said members having sections of elongated shape extended from each other in respective longitudinal alignments, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at oppo site sides of a common longitudinal plane in each of said members, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said Web body being spaced from a respective plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in a respective plane, each of said members having a portion disposed over both sides of a respective plane in which respective sections are extended over each other and united, and respective elongated sections of said members adjacent to structural section being alternately inclined toward a common plane relative to each other and having their end portions secured to the structural sec= tion.

2'7. The structure of claim 1 in which said body member is defined by a web member and there is a plurality of reinforcements arranged in spaced relation of a character defined by said reinforcement.

28. The structure of claim 1 in which said body member is defined by a Web and there is a plurality of reinforcements arranged in spaced relation, and said arrangement including a reinforcement extended adjacent to an edge portion of said web in substantially parallel relation thereto with said elongated sections of a length greater than respective sections of another reinforcement spaced therefrom.

29. The structure of claim 1 in which said body member is defined by a web member and there is a plurality of reinforcements arranged in spaced relation of a character defined by said reinforcement, and said portion in each of said reinforcements bein located substantially in a common line.

30, A structure comprising an extended bod: member and a reinforcement therefor secured to said member at contacting portions and having at least four separate sections of elongated shape extended from each other in longitudinal alignment, said sections being disposed in alternate order substantially at opposite sides of a common longitudinal plane, longitudinal edge portions of said sections contiguous to said body member being spaced from said plane, said sections being inclined so that other longitudinal edge portions thereof lie substantially in said plane, said sec" tions overlapping each other and being secured together in the overlapped parts, and respective elongated sections forming the central sections in said reinforcement being of a thickness greater than other sections therein.

FREDERICK KAUTZ.

N 0 references cited. 

